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Stainless Steel 304
Material Type
Metal
Material Name
Stainless Steel 304
Alternative Names
1.4301 | X5CrNi18-10 | S30400
Process Compatibility
CNC Milling, CNC Turning
introduction
Stainless Steel 304 in CNC Machining
Stainless Steel 304 is a commonly used material in CNC machining. It is known for its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
Choosing sharp carbide tools for milling and incorporating cobalt-based or carbide end mills is important when working with this stainless steel grade. Lower cutting speeds and moderate feed rates help prevent overheating and tool wear. Coolants and lubricants aid in dissipating heat and improving tool life. Employing climb milling, proper workpiece securing, and effective chip control contribute to a smooth machining process. Post-machining, consider annealing for applications where work-hardening may occur. Attention to tolerances and surface finish is also important, and regular tool wear monitoring ensures continued quality and efficiency.
The chemical composition of Type 304 stainless steel, as per ASTM A276/A276M standard, is specified by certain percentage values. The composition includes a maximum of 0.08% carbon (C), 1.00% silicon (Si), 2.00% manganese (Mn), 0.045% phosphorus (P), and 0.030% sulfur (S). It also contains 18.0-20.0% chromium (Cr) and 8.0-11.0% nickel (Ni). This composition defines the material properties and characteristics of Type 304 stainless steel. It finds wide applications in both household and industrial settings. It is commonly used in food handling and processing equipment, machinery parts, screws, utensils, and exhaust manifolds. It is also used for exterior accents like water and fire features in architectural projects.
Properties
Properties Table of Stainless Steel 304
| MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | |
|---|---|
| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 520-600 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 210-250 MPa |
| Young's Modulus(Elasticity) | 191-205 GPa |
| Elongation at Break | 43-45% |
| Physical Properties | |
| Corrosion Resistance | Good |
| Magnetism | No |
| UV Resistance | Excellent |
| Weldability | Excellent |
| Thermal Properties | |
| Maximum Service Temperature | 750-925°C |
| Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 10.3-12 x 10^-6/°C |
| Thermal Conductivity | 29.3-31.7 W/(m·°C) |
| Electrical Properties | |
| Electrical Resistivity | 65-70 μΩ*cm |
TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW
Basic Knowledge of Stainless Steel 304
What is Stainless Steel 304?
Stainless steel 304 is a widely used type of stainless steel with a composition that includes 18-20% chromium and 8-10.5% nickel. As an austenitic stainless steel, it lacks magnetic properties and exhibits lower electrical and thermal conductivity than carbon steel.
Known for its high corrosion resistance, it is easily molded into various shapes. Developed by W. H. Hatfield in 1924 and initially marketed as "Staybrite 18/8," this steel is part of SAE International's steel grades. It goes by various names and designations, such as 4301-304-00-I, X5CrNi18-9, UNS S30400, A2 stainless steel, 18/8, 18/10 stainless steel, SUS304, 1.4301, 06Cr19Ni10, and ISC S30408, depending on international standards and specifications.
Advantages of Stainless Steel 304
Excellent corrosion resistance in various environments
High-temperature resistance without loss of mechanical properties
Easy fabrication, welding, machining, and forming
Hygienic properties, easy to clean and maintain
Aesthetic appeal for architectural and decorative applications
Versatile use in kitchen equipment, appliances, automotive parts, chemical processing, etc.
Non-magnetic in its annealed state
Cost-effective with a good balance between performance and cost
Applications of Stainless Steel 304
Building facades, handrails, decorative elements
Kitchen appliances, sinks, cookware, utensils, and cutlery
Chemical processing equipment and pharmaceutical vessels
Automotive parts, exhaust systems, mufflers, trim
Processing equipment, storage tanks, piping systems
Valves and fittings
Surgical instruments, trays, medical implants
Aircraft components, aerospace components
Dyeing machines, containers
FAQ
Machining Stainless Steel 304 Buying FAQ
Yes, 304 stainless steel is a widely used and versatile grade of stainless steel. It is known for its excellent corrosion resistance, durability, and ease of fabrication. It is suitable for various applications, including kitchen equipment, food processing, and industrial components.
304 is the most commonly ordered stainless steel worldwide because it’s more cost-effective, providing standard corrosion resistance, formability, strength, and easy maintenance. 316, though less commonly sold, offers significantly better corrosion resistance against chlorides and acids.
304 stainless steel does not rust easily due to its surface's protective chromium oxide layer. However, it is not completely immune to rust as it can corrode under certain conditions– such as prolonged exposure to saltwater or acidic environments. Regular cleaning and maintenance can help prevent rusting, and passivation processes can enhance corrosion resistance.
Yes, 304 stainless steel is considered safe for cooking and food preparation. It is widely used in kitchen appliances, cookware, and food processing equipment. It does not leach harmful substances into food, and its corrosion resistance makes it suitable for contact with various food products.
Other Materials
Stainless Steel 316
Stainless Steel 316, also known as marine-grade stainless steel, is a popular material in CNC machining due to its good mechanical properties
More info about Stainless Steel 316
Stainless Steel 304L
Stainless Steel 304L is a widely used stainless steel alloy known for its corrosion resistance, formability, and weldability.
More info about Stainless Steel 304L
Stainless Steel 17-4 PH
Stainless steel 17-4 PH is a strong and durable alloy that can be hardened through aging at different temperatures.
More info about Stainless Steel 17-4 PH
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